The future society, which is a cooperative one, should need not only the well cooperative spirit between different peoples, but also a good quality on helping each other.

An investigation of secondary care-givers’ hand hygiene knowledge and be- haviors;

The result degree affects willingness for help.

On the Influence of the Manipulation by Ideology and Patronage on "Unfaithfulness" in Translation—— Comparative Study on the Two English Versions of Hong Lou Meng;

As an external factor, patronage manipulates internal translation activities.

In this paper,the theory of patronage is analyzed firstly,and then some different translation models are pointed out,and in the end how patronage influences translation is analysed.

While interpersonal helping has been recognized as crucial for organization success,in this research we have investigated the potential negative impacts of helping behavior on employees.

This paper has analyzed some important results of the research of sex differences and argued that there is no significant sex difference on helping behavior,empathy,aggression,and conformity.

After a review of related literature, this paper proposes, based on the Moral Affect Theory and the Broaden-and-build Theory, that gratitude is different from both reciprocity norms and common positive emotions in that it can promote helping behavior.