This paper compares western capitalism international trade system and China\'s tributary trade system from fifteenth to eighteenth century.

Because of each other’s different benefits and needs, two country’s tributary trade was founded and developed.

In the Ming dynasty, tributary trade constituted the focus of the Sino Japanese relation.

In the abroad trade of Ming dynasty, the private is another form except tributary trade.

During the Hongwu Period in the Ming Dynasty,the official trade between China and Korea was divided into tribute trade and mutual trade.

This article analyzes the role in its tribute trade and nongovernmental trade and the causes of the transformation of the two kinds of trade.

：Tribute trade is a special diplomatic policy which including politics and economy.

Especially in the last few years,with the close contacts and increasingly economic cooperation between China and neighboring countries,many people with ulterior motives,or the sensitive speculation for the development of China have immediately started the"new tributary system" theory,they believed that China try to resume "Zhongyuan Dynasty"status in.

The Tributary System started from the "five costumes system" before the dynasty of Qin, developed form the dynasty of Qin and Han, perfect in the dynasty of Tang and Song, consummated in the dynasty of Ming and Qing, degenerated and ended in the later Qing Dynasty.