1) Bureaucracy trading
官僚经商
1.
Bureaucracy trading began in Wei and Jin Dynasties which rose in Tang and Song dynasties and at the peak of its development in Ming dynasty.
官僚经商现象,兴起于魏晋南北朝,兴盛于唐宋,至明朝,发展到了一个高峰。
2) A Tentative Study into Bureaucracy Trading in Ming Dynasty
明代官僚经商初探
4) finance and economics officers
财经官僚
1.
In the later of the tang dynasty, accompanied with the e stablishment of the commissioner administer financial transactions, the selectin g and promoting of finance and economics officers paid more attention to their a bilities than to their virtue.
唐后期 ,随着使职理财制度的确立 ,财经官僚的选任标准发生了由首重德行到首重才能的变化 ,这一变化也有力地推动了社会贤能观念的变
5) merchant-officialize
商人官僚化
6) official-merchantize
官僚商人化
补充资料：弃农经商
1.放弃农业，经营商业。
说明：补充资料仅用于学习参考，请勿用于其它任何用途。
参考词条