According to cognitive theories, cognitive factors play a crucial role in causing depression.

Based on Nida s functional equivalence and equivalent translating theories,the author tried to analyze translating strategies of metaphors with cognitive theories.

This paper makes a comparison between Jackendoff and Langacker s cognitive theories in five aspects in the hope of deepening the understanding of the two theories: ontologies, epistemologies; relations between syntax and semantics; relations between lexicon and encyclopedia; opinions on feature analysis; production and representation of conceptual structure.

Inspired by the cognitive theory s attempt to "evoke precise technique to dissect internal hierarchy which cannot be expressed through external expressions into small quantified portions," the author explores how people construct space structures in their imagination and attempts to establish a comprehensive .

The main views of constructirism and cognitive theory are introduced first, on the basis of which combine with the main characters of the Virtual Reality, the problems that the Virtual Reality applies on the field of education are discussed with the cognitive theory and constructirism.

The main part of the cognitive theory is then described in details.

It is really worthwhile to discuss something about the cognition theory which is the basic theory of the traditional cartographic field.

The behaviorism school of philosophy regards the language learnt as the result of conditioned reflex,while cognition theory takes language learning as the language creative capability in the part of the student on the basis of grasped grammatical rules.