The joint and several liability aggravates the correlation party s responsibility, therefore we should use it discretely.

The validity of the joint and several liability all is united in the positive stimulated effectiveness of behavior whether the law philosophy or the law economy,the premise of which is the information symmetry or the behavior commutation among the behavior entity.

Using the theory of joint and several liability and imputation principle in tort law,three different opinions and cases on whether the party without spilling oil into the sea in two ships collision and only one ship leaked oil should be liable for pollution damage were analyzed.

Based on the fundamental assumptions supposed for the framed structures with semi-rigid connections , the explicit forms of the elemental stiffness matrix and the corresponding equivalent nodal loads are further put forward through strict mathematical derivation for the spatial framed structures with arbitrary connections.

The paper introduces an case that leads to the main theme,researches the legal effect and liability about unregistered automobile,and demonstrates clearly that the joint liability is against the purpose of legislation and the joint liability is unnecessary.

In our country,the claim pattern of the current joint liability is a free claim pattern.