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1)  joint liability and unlimited liability
连带责任与无限责任
2)  unlimited joint liability
无限连带责任
3)  joint and several liability
连带责任
1.
The joint and several liability aggravates the correlation party s responsibility, therefore we should use it discretely.
连带责任加重了个别相关人的责任,因此需要谨慎适用。
2.
The validity of the joint and several liability all is united in the positive stimulated effectiveness of behavior whether the law philosophy or the law economy,the premise of which is the information symmetry or the behavior commutation among the behavior entity.
基于法哲学与法经济学视角,连带责任的有效性统一于行为的正激励效应,其产生的前提是行为主体间信息对称性或行为互通性。
3.
Using the theory of joint and several liability and imputation principle in tort law,three different opinions and cases on whether the party without spilling oil into the sea in two ships collision and only one ship leaked oil should be liable for pollution damage were analyzed.
应用侵权法中的归责原则和连带责任理论,对两船碰撞一船漏油时非漏油方是否承担赔偿责任存在的三种不同观点及案例进行了分析;基于民法中的补充责任原则和实证的方法,提出不论非漏油方对船舶碰撞的发生是否有过错,应当由漏油方首先对油污受害人承担责任,只有在漏油方不能承担全部赔偿责任时,非漏油方才承担补充责任,以此保障油污受害人得到充分赔偿。
4)  joint liability
连带责任
1.
The paper introduces an case that leads to the main theme,researches the legal effect and liability about unregistered automobile,and demonstrates clearly that the joint liability is against the purpose of legislation and the joint liability is unnecessary.
本文从实际案例出发,对机动车未过户的法律后果、机动车未过户应承担的法律责任、承担连带责任有违立法本意和承担连带责任实无必要等4个方面阐述未过户机动车肇事机动车原所有权人不应承担连带责任。
2.
In our country,the claim pattern of the current joint liability is a free claim pattern.
我国现行连带责任的求偿模式是任意求偿模式。
5)  responsible involvement
责任连带
6)  the joint and several liability
连带责任
1.
As an important part of liability system in the civil law, the joint and several liability have a lot of advantages which other kind of liabilities don t occupy, and it has become a good weapon for obligees to protect their own rights.
连带责任制度作为民事责任制度的重要组成部分,它具有其他责任形态所不具有的优点,通过规定为连带责任,权利人就可以获得更加快速、充分的救济,它是保护权利人利益的利器,维护社会公平正义的重要手段。
2.
The joint and several liability system could supply the better protection of the interest for the creditor compared to the general liability system, so that the joint and several liability system plays a very positive role in the legal practice.
民事连带责任制度较之一般责任制度可以对权利人提供更为充分的保护,因此在实践中发挥了积极作用。
补充资料:无限责任公司
无限责任公司
unlimited responsible company
    由两个以上股东组成、股东对公司债务负连带无限责任的公司形式。又称无限公司。为最典型的人合公司。必须由两个以上的股东所组成,而且股东必须是自然人。股东对公司债务负无限连带责任,即股东必须以出资财产和出资财产以外的其他财产作为清偿公司债务的保证,公司的全部财产不足以清偿公司债务时,债权人有权就其未受偿部分要求公司股东以其个人财产清偿,而且股东间的责任是连带的,偿还公司债务超过自己应承担数额的股东,有权向本公司的其他股东追偿,这样,这部分股东就成为新的债权人。无限责任公司是建立在成员相互信赖基础上的少数小的共同企业形式,其特点在于:组织手续比较简单,不要求具备最低的资本总额;公司经营好坏,直接关系每个股东的全部财产利益;因此股东会合力经营,股东关系密切;公司信用较高,竞争力较强。但是,股东投资风险较大,责任较重,资本不易筹集,出资转让有严格限制,不利于保护出资人的利益。
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