1) Transthoracic approach
胸壁入路
2) upper anterior thoracic approach
上胸前壁入路
1.
Endoscopic thyreoidectomy via upper anterior thoracic approach in 21 cases;
经上胸前壁入路腔镜甲状腺切除术21例
3) Breast approach
胸乳入路
1.
Breast approach endoscopic thyroidectomy versus conventional thyroidectomy:A comparison study;
胸乳入路腔镜单侧甲状腺部分切除术与传统开放手术的比较
4) high transthoracic approach
经胸入路
1.
Evaluate the surgical methods of the high transthoracic approach in upper thoracic vertebrae with fracture and dislocation.
上胸椎骨折脱位经胸入路的手术方法探讨
5) The superior of stemum approach
胸骨上入路
6) approach of upper sternum
上胸骨入路
1.
In 7 cases by approach of upper sternum, 4 cases with fracture had improvements of neurological function after operation and 3 cases with metastatic cancer didn t recurred at the operative sites ,1.
7例采用经上胸骨入路患者无手术并发症,其中4例骨折患者术后神经功能改善,3例转移瘤患者术后无手术部位复发,1例仍存活,2例于术后6、11个月死于原发病。
补充资料：经胸壁穿刺肺胸活检
经胸壁穿刺肺胸活检
肿瘤贴近壁层胸膜及胸膜肿瘤，用特制钝头钩针穿刺胸壁，钩出少量肺组织或胸膜作活检。由于经胸壁穿刺肺胸活检所得的组织很少，穿刺部位须准确，才能提高阳性率。
说明：补充资料仅用于学习参考，请勿用于其它任何用途。
参考词条