By means of parallel study of comparative literature, this paper analyzes the literary theory of French Classicalism and China’s Literary Theory during the Culture Revolution in three aspects, the social and historical conditions, the literary characteristics and the historical role and fate, in which some surprising resonance and collision are found.

Social Work as a Discipline: an Analysis of its social and historical conditions;

It comes into being as a result of its objective social and historical conditions.

This is caused by the unique socio-historical culture,industrialization,urbanism and current differences of social structure between different parts of China.

This can be attributed to the deep internalization of the kinships and regional relationships formed in the long agricultural society,the differences of the social structures between rural and urban areas,the characteristics of social mobility,the inconsistency between population urbanization and life urbanization,and the unique socio-historical culture in China.