1) retributive theory
惩罚主义
1.
Generally there are two answers to the question:the retributive theory and utilitarianism.
对惩罚正义问题的回答一般有两种理论:惩罚主义和功利主义。
2) host sanctions
寄主惩罚
1.
The "host sanctions effect" predicts that the hosts punish partners that cheat by receiving benefits without paying for them.
为验证榕树与其传粉榕小蜂这一严格的、一对一的互利共生系统中是否存在寄主惩罚效应,作者于2007年在云南省西双版纳热带植物园中对雌雄同株的垂叶榕(Ficus benjamina)进行了单果放蜂实验。
3) doctrine of punishment
惩办主义
4) Punishment
[英]['pʌnɪʃmənt] [美]['pʌnɪʃmənt]
惩罚
1.
The Appliance of Punishment in Educational Environment;
试论学校教育情境中惩罚的运用
2.
The breakthrough of classical punishment ethics paradigm——from Plato to Seneca;
古典惩罚伦理学范式的突破——从柏拉图到塞涅卡
3.
Protection and Punishment: Choice of Criminal Policies against Juvenile Crimes;
保护与惩罚:未成年人犯罪刑事政策之选择
5) penalty
[英]['penəlti] [美]['pɛnḷtɪ]
惩罚
1.
Model Aad Algorithm for Reactive Power Optimization With Penalty;
带惩罚项的无功优化潮流模型与算法
2.
Love Education Cannot Leave the Penalty——Mentions from the phenomenon of Beijing Haidian Artistic Vocational School;
爱的教育离不开惩罚——从北京海淀艺职某现象说起
3.
The Functional Analysis of Encouragement and Penalty on Children s Socialization;
奖励与惩罚对儿童社会化的功能分析
6) punish
[英]['pʌnɪʃ] [美]['pʌnɪʃ]
惩罚
1.
Officials should take an open and firm stand against corruption;corrupted criminals should be strictly traced down,punished with heavier financial penalty,exposed in public and diminished politically.
抑制腐败行为的一大良策是加大各种惩罚力度。
2.
there are a series of rules and means about discipline and punish along with the normative education.
伴随着规范化教育的是一系列新的规训规则与惩罚手段。
3.
Summary of the essay: An important device for system performing its functions is to restrain or suppress certain violations by setting behavior responsibility and punishing.
制度发挥其功能中的一个重要装置,就是通过设定行为责任并处以惩罚来约束或制止某些违规行为。
补充资料：垄断资本主义或帝国主义是过渡的资本主义
垄断资本主义或帝国主义是过渡的资本主义：（1）垄断使生产走向最全面的社会化，这是社会主义的最重要的物质准备；（2）垄断为社会主义准备着社会的管理机构；（3）垄断成为资本变为社会财产的过渡点。所以列宁认为：%26#8220;国家垄断资本主义是社会主义的最充分的物质准备，是社会主义的前阶。%26#8221;
说明：补充资料仅用于学习参考，请勿用于其它任何用途。
参考词条