The disputes arising from this article are very popular in this judicial practice, and the exemption clause in the advance sales of commercial housing is regarded by developer as the excuse of exempting his own liability for default to impair the interest of extensive housing purchasers.

Dealing with the two main elements of determining the validity of exemption clause, incorporation and construction,this paper discusses a generous approach taken by Hong Kong Courts which is questioned here too.

Since the World War II, the exemption clause for medical injury has emerged as the times require, going with the medical injury becoming a serious social problem.

Aleatory Feature of Insurance Contract and the Justification of Exclusion Clauses;

Along with the unstable elements to be more and more in the economic trades,it incarnates the economical rationality to some degree that the parties use the exclusion clauses in the contracts in advance to allot the risks that should raise in the future.

The exclusion clauses are widely used in the carriage of goods by sea.

The fairness in an insurance contract is becoming more and more prominent,especially the application of exception clauses.

As format contracts are widely used in daily life, problems of exception clause in contract are becoming more and more serious.

So we should normalize and perfect the exemption clauses of operation approval from the angle of legislation,judicature and administration,on the basis of legislative experiences in the world.

We can use general rule to interpretate exemption clauses of operation approval,as well as special rule.

Currently insurance contracts are most standard form of contracts,and insurance contracts inevitable include exclusion clauses,but the effect of exclusion clauses in the insurance contract disputes have remained controversial.

The validity of the exemption terms incorporated into the consumption contracts is the concern of the society and the consumers.