1) upper anterior thoracic approach
上胸前壁入路
1.
Endoscopic thyreoidectomy via upper anterior thoracic approach in 21 cases;
经上胸前壁入路腔镜甲状腺切除术21例
2) Transthoracic approach
胸壁入路
3) The superior of stemum approach
胸骨上入路
4) approach of upper sternum
上胸骨入路
1.
In 7 cases by approach of upper sternum, 4 cases with fracture had improvements of neurological function after operation and 3 cases with metastatic cancer didn t recurred at the operative sites ,1.
7例采用经上胸骨入路患者无手术并发症,其中4例骨折患者术后神经功能改善,3例转移瘤患者术后无手术部位复发,1例仍存活,2例于术后6、11个月死于原发病。
5) anterior chest and breast areola approach
胸前壁乳晕径路
1.
Objective: Through clinical prospective nonrandomized comparative study, to investigate the differences of immune response and thyroid hormone between anterior chest and breast areola approach endoscopic thyroidectomy and conventional open thyroidectomy.
研究目的:通过临床前瞻性非随机对照研究,初步探讨胸前壁乳晕径路内镜甲状腺手术对患者免疫功能以及甲状腺激素水平的影响,同时为进一步拓展胸前壁乳晕径路内镜甲状腺手术适应症提供一定的理论基础。
6) trans-upper-sternal approach
经胸骨上段入路
1.
Objective:To provide anatomic data for the trans-upper-sternal approach to the cervicothoracic junction.
0%)水平,经胸骨上段入路的颅侧和尾侧分别平对C3/4椎间盘、C4椎体(75。
补充资料：经胸壁穿刺肺胸活检
经胸壁穿刺肺胸活检
肿瘤贴近壁层胸膜及胸膜肿瘤，用特制钝头钩针穿刺胸壁，钩出少量肺组织或胸膜作活检。由于经胸壁穿刺肺胸活检所得的组织很少，穿刺部位须准确，才能提高阳性率。
说明：补充资料仅用于学习参考，请勿用于其它任何用途。
参考词条