+to do", the implied logical subject of the infinitive has either the generic reference or the specific reference, depending on the language circumstances, tenses and the subjects.

This paper analyzes the types of changes in forms of address in the last five decades in the People s Republic of China and points out the possibility of reciprocal transformations in the positive and negative connotations, formal and informal meaning, and generic and specific reference, respectively.

Based on the theory of Cognitive domain in Cognitive linguistics,this paper makes a study on cognitive and psychological base of definite article "the" with specific reference:textual use,situational use and cultural use.