The resistance to extension, freezable water and microstructure were determined by extensograph, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of control dough and the dough with ASK gum and with locust bean gum after 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks frozen storage.

The content of freezable water in frozen wet gluten was determined by means of differential scanning calo-rimetry(DSC) to reveal the thermodynamic mechanism of ice crystallization during the ultrasonic-assisted food freezing.

Quasi-coupling numeric analysis of frost heave effect of horizontal freezing in artificial ground;

The freezing technology application of horizontal freezing and vertical freezing was discussed.

The article presents the reinforcement and structural construction of the cross tunnel and pump station of the running tunnel between Lancun Rd station and Pudongnan Rd station of Mingzhu Line of Shanghai Metro,which are assisted by horizontal freezing.

On the basis of analyzing two kinds of the ebb curve during sealing the river passes and flowing freely in the severe area,this paper adoptes difference accumulation method to estimate freezing water quantity and to improve ice thinkness investigation and to adopte practice method of flowing process segmentation during melting.

Concludes from the investigation into the frozen coal during transportation by rail in winter, the use of defrost garage, and manual unloading of frozen coal, etc, and the analysis of major causes for frozen coal that it is an effective way to avoid frozen coal to dehydrate coal at its source to frozen water content′ in winter.