Methods Using literature retrieval method,we respectively summarized the results of the present study,problems and future research directions from the research background on the treatment of spasticity after SCI using RPES,the basis of rectal nerve anatomy,the mechanism on spasticity after SCI and the research on the treatment of spasticity after SCI using RPES.

Research advance in distal based sural nerve-lesser saphenous fasciocutaneous flap;

Skin flap with sural nerve vasa vasorum for repairing defect of skin and soft tissues of ankle area in children;

Repair of chronic spinal cord injury with sural nerve grafts in rat;

Morphological Changes of Enteric Nerve-Interstitial Cells of Cajal-Smooth Muscle Cells Network in Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome and Therapeutic Effects of Da-Cheng-Qi Decoction;

Ultrastructure characters of enteric nerve-interstitial cells of Cajal-smooth muscle cells network in rats

Immunohistochemistry of ChAc and DβH cells in Remak nerve of chicken;

Neurons in remak nerve innervating the uterin tube of hens were observed with retrograde tracing method.

Micromorphological research on the intestinal nerve of Remak in chicken;

The ENS of avian contains neurons that are intrinsic to the gastrointestinal tract, as well as axons of the intestinal nerve of Remak(INR).

The intestinal nerve of Remak (INR) is a unique avian autonomic ganglionatednerve trunk which runs in the mesentery dorsal to the intestine from the cloaca to theduodenum, sending many nerve branches to the intestine.