1) YUAN: clerk (unranked subofficial found in large numbers both in central government agencies and in units of territorial administration)
典吏
2) model of honest official
廉吏典范
1.
Fandan is a model of honest official in Eastern Han Dynasty.
范丹,是东汉时期的一个廉吏典范,桓帝时为"莱芜长",因母丧未到任,一生清高耿介、清贫自守,有民谣"甑中生尘范史云,釜中生鱼范莱芜"称之。
4) Li
[英][li:] [美][li]
吏
1.
Queries about the Issue of Lihu during Wei-Jin,Southern and Northern Dynasties;
魏晋南北朝“吏户”问题再献疑——“吏”与“军吏”辨析
2.
Qing Zhuo Officials, Officials out of Liu and Li of the Northern Dynasties since Xiaowen Emperor;
北魏孝文帝以后北朝的清浊官、流外官和吏
5) Study on Officials Management by Severe Laws in Early Ming Dynasty
明初重典治吏述论
6) administration
[英][əd,mɪnɪ'streɪʃn] [美][əd'mɪnə'streʃən]
吏治
1.
By tracing back to its originator,major contributors to its rebuild, and reformers in its administration,this paper reveals its inspiration to later generations.
通过对"七门三堰"的始建者、两千年来的主要疏浚扩建者以及管理上的革新者等的考证与抉微,揭示"七门三堰"对后世吏治的启迪和警示意义。
2.
During the administration of holding the position of admonishing official,Si Maguang admonished the speeches once time and again,and among which electing officials,holding the position,and oppointing officials embodied concretely the administrative theories.
司马光从1061年任谏官期间,曾屡屡谏言,其中有关选官、任官、用官三方面的奏折是其在谏官任职期间的吏治思想的具体体现。
3.
As the first of the six departments, the Ministry of Official Personal Affairs plays an important role in the agency of state,no matter it’s install or function has a great affect with the administration of the Ming Dynastry from beginning to end.
明代吏部作为六部之首,在整个国家机构中居于非常重要的位置,其设置与运行都与吏治的发展变化紧密相连,无论是其自身职能还是与其他部门的关系都关乎吏治,且自始至终与明廷盛衰休戚相关。
补充资料：典吏
1.主管的官吏。 2.吏员的通称。清代司﹑道﹑府﹑厅﹑州﹑县的吏员都叫典吏。见《清会典．吏部．文选清吏司一》"八曰吏"注。
说明：补充资料仅用于学习参考，请勿用于其它任何用途。
参考词条