Numerous local cities are marginalized while other important cities grow quickly.

This article discussed the Fang of local cities in the Ming dynasty after the urban Li-Fang system in Tang and Song dynasty had broken.

As an important aspect of urban system structure transformation in globalization process, the marginalization of local city is a significant problem in economic and social development as well.

The subordinate status of provincial cities decides that they may reflect culture characteristic of non-mainstream which is subversive to some degree, and that may sometimes make them loose direction during the process of city context building.

Transferring of rural surplus labor force in Jilin Province and response of local central city;