Most of ship s collisions taking place in broad water areas appear to be in the near head-on situation,One of the main fac-tors of collision is that the two ships in opposite directions have planned the same route or almost the same.

Maritime statistics indicated; near head-on situation or small crossing angle situation dominated the collision situation, collision accidents happened not only in restricted visibility but also in sight of one another, especially in starboard-to-starboard passage state.