1) basic livelihood
基本生活资料
2) means of subsistence
生活资料
1.
Traditionally, relative overpopulation refers to population surplus compared with the means of subsistence and production, which can be labeled as relative overpopulation in a narrow sense.
传统意义上的相对人口过剩是指人口相对于生活资料或 (和 )生产资料的过剩 ,这种理论可以概括称之为狭义相对人口过剩论。
2.
The connotation of individual ownership reconstructed on the basis of public ownership can only cover means of subsistence.
生产资料社会主义公有制代替资本主义私有制是历史的必然,在生产资料社会主义公有制的基础上重新建立起来的个人所有制,它的内涵只能是生活资料,而不可能是生产资料公有制基础上的生产资料公有制或集体所有制或联合起来的个人所有制这样的同义反复,也不可能是私有制,因为马克思已经明确指出"不是重新建立私有制"。
3.
After the 1998 financial crisis, the market of the means of subsistence has changed greatly and the saturation degree of the market has gone up highly.
生活资料市场在 1998年金融危机之后有很大变化 ,商品饱和程度大为提高。
4) subsistence goods and basic services
生活物资和基本服务
1.
One of the main problems facing any developing nation, particularly those at early stage of industrialization, is that of providing cheap subsistence goods and basic services to its poor urban population.
向城市贫困人口提供廉价的生活物资和基本服务是发展中国家面临的一个主要问题,尤其是在工业化的早期。
补充资料：生活资料
即“消费资料”(567页)。
说明：补充资料仅用于学习参考，请勿用于其它任何用途。
参考词条