In the temporal distribution of demotion,most of them lived in the mid-or late-Tang Dynasty,and in the spatial distribution,the south,like Lingnan and Jiangnan which are remote and isolated,is the main area chosen as the demotion place especially in Tang Dynasty,which is the most worthy of studying.

Xu Xuan,a man who was gracious and indifferent to fame and benefit,experienced ups and downs in officialdom and three times demotions during his life.

These relegated officials were mainly sacrificed in political struggles.

The general psychology of demoted officers and their literature behaviors;