This thesis discusses in detail the art function of the chivalrous case novels in Ming-Qing literature works,which describes scene,characters and subject;and shows that the chivalrous caes novels are enjoied now by the common people because they used the art function of concern and accidental coincidence.

This paper attempts to analyse the tragic technique of expression in this short story from four aspects — language,relations between characters,accident and coincidence,as well as symbolism.

Competition and cooperation :upgrade leadership of Core players including haphazard and inevitability in Soccer