The fundamental aim of political modernization is the realization of political democracy,and the realization of this democracy requires a change of the political psychological role of the populace,from the subject culture to the civic culture.

conversion from subject culture to civic political culture, and qualified citizens with modern consciousness developed.

The goal of political modernization is the democratization of politics, and democracy depends on the conversion of political psychology and political culture, for china, is th change from subject culture to civic culture.

The article tries to reveal another appearance of the treacherous pretender,as a cultural hero,by studying the scattered depiction of his cultural activity in the novel and some related historical materials.

Logically, the assumption on people is needed to be reconsidered Philosophically,the history is made by an infinite series of parallelograms of forces;in the view of jurisprudence,the sovereignty of citizen is more scientific than that of people;politically,the connotation of people is between that of subject and citizen.

On the one hand it lacks independence as"the subject",on the other hand it has achieved the close combination of the people and the state.

From Subjects to Citizens: Shift of Roles and the Formation and Development;

From Subjects to Citizens;

The official s army-commanding before the Founding of Ming Dynasty;