The immature endosperms of some gymnosperms were cultured as explants on a modified MS medium containing various concentrations and conbinations of hormones, and treated with heat shock, light culture,dark culture and endosperm bruis etc.

The effect of darkness culture on micorpropagation and adventitious bud generation from leaf in apple;

Effect of temperature on Gisela 6 dwarfing rootstock rooting of sweet cherry vitro shoots under dark culture;