1) cooperative research and development
共同研发
1.
As one of the important forms of conducting scientific research activities,cooperative research and development of Japanese businesses have such economic significance as reduced research funds,low moral risk as well as high investment-development efficiency.
共同研发是日本企业开展科研活动的一种重要形式,共同研发具有节约资金、减少道德风险、提高研发投资效益等经济学意义,日本政府通过鼓励和引导企业参与共同研发,为推动其经济的发展发挥了重要作用。
2) study and discuss together
共同研讨
1.
Constructing a new classroom teaching mode, in which teachers and students study and discuss together, is the need of carrying out quality-oriented education, deepening teaching reform and training innovative talents.
构建师生共同研讨的课堂教学新模式是实施素质教育、深化教学改革、培养创造性人才的需要,因此,只有贯彻“教师为主导、学生为主体”的原则,着力培养和强化学生的问题意识,师生共同讨论、研究,教给学生学习和科研的方法,指导学生开展“五小”发明创造竞赛活动,才能真正构建起师生共同研讨的课堂教学新模式。
4) common fermentation
共同发酵
1.
Industrial common fermentation experiments are carriedout by isolating bifidobacterium adolescentis and infantis from healthy humans and taming them to be oxygen tolerate,the living bacteria preparation of multi straines is obtained.
用健康人体的青春、婴儿双歧杆菌耐氧驯化后进行共同发酵工业性试验，获得多菌种活菌制剂。
2.
Industrial common fermentation experiments were carried out by isolating bifidobacterium adolescentis and infantis from healthy humans and taming them to be oxygen tolerate.
用健康人体的青春、婴儿双歧杆菌，经耐氧驯化后进行共同发酵工业性试验获得发酵液。
5) joint development
共同发展
1.
The paper analyses the environment and problems of the development of non-governmental education,and proposes ideas for the pattern of joint development of governmental and non-governmental schools with the former as the main body.
分析了民办教育发展的环境和问题,就如何形成公办学校为主体、公办学校和民办学校共同发展的格局问题提出了自己的见解。
6) Joint Development
共同开发
1.
On the Model of "Joint Development":the Solution for the Dispute of the South China Sea;
“共同开发”模式初探:南中国海争端之解决
2.
The Research on the Legal Issue of the International Marine Oil Joint Development and the Development Actuality in China;
国际海洋石油共同开发的法律问题研究及中国的开发现状
3.
There are at least four preconditions for the institutionalization of joint development of the South China Sea.
南海共同开发是当今世界的热点问题之一,但目前南海共同开发的现状没有达到中国与有关争端国的期望值。
补充资料：共同海损的共同利益派
共同海损的共同利益派
【共同海损的共同利益派】对共同海损范围的一种主张。共同利益派的基本观点是:列人共同海损的牺牲和额外费用的支出不能只限于以获得共同安全为目的，为了船舶获得续航能力，安全地将货物运往目的港口，将船舶驶人避难港进行修复至重新获得适航条件时为止这一期间所发生的牺牲和费用，也应列为共同海损范围。持此项观点的多数代表着船方利益。共同利益派的观点，由于历史的原因影响重大，在目前的共同海损理算规则中仍起着主导作用。
说明：补充资料仅用于学习参考，请勿用于其它任何用途。
参考词条