In modern criminal litigation systems featuring a pursuit of high efficiency,default trial sys- tems have widely been established globally to tackle the tough problems occurred in the criminal trial pro- ceedings caused by the escape of the suspects and defendants.

In order to construct a default trial system in our country,it is necessary to regulate its applying s.

Viewed from the legislation for criminal lawsuits and the judicial practices in China, a trial by default tends to be negated.

In the context of China signing The United Nations Convention against Corruption,to construct the system of criminal trial by default seems to be an undisputed option.

The system of civil trial by default is an important system in civil procedure law.

The article starts with the necessity of establishing the mechanism of restraint and supervision over judicial power,analyzes the problems existing in the mechanism,and finally proposes concrete measures and effective ways of perfection.

Analysis on Judge s Independent Exercise Over Jurisdiction;

Resolving the problems of the conflicts between judicial process management authority and jurisdiction is important for constituting scientific judicial process management system and guaranteeing self-governed judgement by the judges.

Civil jurisdiction is not enjoyed by judge in charge of the case alone but sharing by members of collegial panel,different members and organizations inside people s court in the judicial practice.