:According to the texts of "Pangeng" in Shangshu,this article thinks that the social stratum was on the basis of the consanguinity of the people, and the freeman in Shang dynasty consisted three estates: king, min and zhong.

The Social Philosophy of"Heaven→Emperor→Officials→People"in the Ming Dynasty;

Confucius and Mencius are the representatives of Confucian, but these two men hold different doctrines on the problem of taking people as essence.

China,a typical oriental country with Asiatic mode of production,has experienced in its regime the transformation from "civilian" to "the people" and then to "people.

There is no Chinese equivalent to it in the past and there is only the concept of civilian as in the contrast of civilians and officials.

In ancient China, there was only the concept of "citizen"but not the concept of "human".

From naturam condiuions,tradition of culture,folkways and other aspects the formation of the characteristics of indoor & outdoor environment of Qingcheng traditional residence are analyzed.