Since the principle of " double standard" is established firmly, Rehnqusit Court could never repeat the dual federalism of the 19th century, and could only advocate a "new federalism" , which is neither dual federalism nor cooperative federalism.

Under thephilosophy of “New Federalism”, the Reagan Administration assigns toStates and localities rather than to the Federal government theresponsibility for administering federally funded training programs.

In modern Chinese movement of constitution,the Hunan provincial contitution,which represented the constitution of unionism,revealed the unionists seeking for building a democratic,stable and unity constitutional country.

On the Complicated History and Current Situation of Federalism in China;

The EU Mixed Constitution of Federalism and Confederalism and Its Problems;

From the perspective of traditional political science, this article presents a brief introduction of the structural characteristics of the EU/ EC institutions, and shows the key factors of the EU mixed constitution of federalism and confederalism through the comparison of American and German federalism models.

The paper sets out from intergovernmental relationship and then analyses the theoretical origins of fiscal federalism,expounds the theoretical basis and analytical framework of fiscal federalism based on western knowledge on various models of intergovernmental financial decentralization.

The theoretical paradigm of federalism is an important political idea and principle to deal with relationship between states and relationship between central government and local governments in a state,which is mainly embodied in political federalism and fiscal federalism.

The division of the responsibility, liability of expenditure, revenues and taxation right expresses strong features of fiscal federalism in the two countries.