We study the following four aspects: 1,the difference and connection between atoning for the crime and redeem punishment;2,the inheritance and development of atoning for the crime in Qin and Han laws;3,the two characteristics of atoning for the crime as stipulated punishment and replacement punishment;and 4,the other characteristics of atoning for the crime in Zhangjiashan Han laws.

Generally,there are three views: affirmative,negative and intermediate;and all of these acknowledge a norm of crime and punishment legally prescribed in ancient China.

We shoud reform law-making conception,use different kinds of constitution of crime,and construct directions of criminal case in order to ensure and maintain the balance and harmony of criminal rules.

As for criminal rules,it possesses natures mainly including incompleteness,being connected with protection of legal interest,protecting rights coordinating with restraining powers,inevitability of enforcing sentences etc.