Then,we set up the concept of the ideal expected profit value,proved the ideal expected profit value is a constant in any risk decision problem,and set up the relationship between expected profit and expected loss va.

On the aboue assumption, this paper studies reservation value setting and draws conclusions that reservation value has no pertinence with the expected number of bidders while the expected number of bidders affect expected revenue of the auctioneer.

Maximization of expected revenue is the only decision objective in that model.

Aiming at the phenomenon of jump bidding in multi-unit auctions which may change the expected revenue of auctioneer and bidders,the paper studies effect of revenue of two-unit auction based on jump bidding.

By analyzing the consistency of the fuzzy probability assessment over the state set and using an effective probability distribution, a method for obtaining the expected return and risk of investment combination strategy in the face of fuzzy state probability is presented.

This paper proposes an expected return model for linear bilevel problems with uncertain reaction from follower.

The paper analyses equilibrium; strategies; offer and expected profits of the chemical process enterprise merger and acquisition with the aim to support d.