1) ice flood protection system
防凌体系
1.
After 50 years efforts since the people harness the river,the ice flood protection system has been established in which the project system including reserviors in the mainstream,dykes,ice flood diversion project is the principal part, and the non--project system including the people,s ice nood protection team, ice forecast and protection managi.
人民治黄以来,经过50年的努力,初步建成了黄河防凌体系。
2) ice prevention
防凌
1.
Active functions included increasing water supply, increasing ice prevention guarantee rate and decreasing water interception at Lijin profile; negative included increasing river channel sedimentation and.
其中正面影响包括增加工农业供水量、提高防凌保证率以及减少利津断面断流次数等,负面影响定性分析了补水后下游河道增淤以及对过洪能力的影响。
3) flood and ice protection
防洪防凌
1.
Decision making supporting system for flood and ice protection"is a branch research of "The Yellow River administration and water resource use and development", a key proect of the national eighth-five-year plan.
《黄河防洪防凌决策支持系统》是国家“八五”科技攻关项目《黄河治理与水资源开发利用》的一个专题。
4) ice-flood control of Yellow River
黄河防凌
1.
The reservoir regulation is one of the most important ways in the ice-flood control of Yellow River.
水库调度是黄河防凌调度中最为重要的河段防凌手段之一。
5) operation of ice flood control
防凌运用
6) Operation for ice prevention
防凌调度
补充资料:防凌
防凌 ice-jam flood protection 减免冰凌危害的防御措施。凌洪成因是热力、动力、河道形态等因素的综合作用。按其成因与形态可分为3类:①冰塞洪水。多发生于封冻期。河流封冻过程中,冰花、碎冰大量堆积于固定的冰盖下面,阻塞了部分过流断面,使上游水位抬高而形成。②冰坝洪水。多发生于解冻期,由低纬度流向高纬度的河段,上游先解冻,淌凌至下游而被未解冻冰层所阻,致堆积成冰坝,使上游水位升高,常决堤成灾;而冰坝突决时,又造成下游凶猛的凌洪灾害。③融冰洪水。因冰层融化形成,一般很少造成凌洪灾害。防凌措施主要有:①堤防加培,临时抢护。②利用冰封河段上游水库,在冰封前泄放较大流量,抬高冰盖;或解冻前适时调节水库下泄流量,使不致形成水鼓冰开一拥而下的形势。③解冻前对已形成冰坝的河段进行爆破。④进行河道整治,将弯曲狭窄河段裁弯取直扩宽,避免卡冰结坝。⑤有计划地分泄凌洪。⑥做好冰情预报,及时采取防范措施。此外,对于局部河流和港口,可采取针对性防凌防冰措施。如:对航道可用破冰船破冰;在港岸和船闸附近设空气筛防冻;在结冰前抬高水电站引水渠道中的水位,使流速变缓,促进提前形成冰盖,防止产生水内冰;水工建筑物设计中应考虑冰体膨胀力对建筑物的荷载;或在建筑物的迎水面,设置表底水流交换器防冻;或安放圆浮筒,减少冰压力的传递。 |
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