The distribution, origin and evolution of Syringa;

Piedmont river terraces formation of the western Kunlun, China and their tectonic significance

Downward from the peak to the piedmont on the basin side are respectively peneplanes of Beitai stage and Dianziliang stage in Paleogene,peneplane of Tangxian stage in Neogene,and seven-level river terraces and six-level pediments in Quaternary.

Tectonic uplift and climate change are two key factors in controlling the development of river terraces in hinterlands.

<Abstrcat>Based on field survey, the forms, structures and ages of fluvial terraces and alluvial fans of the Kuitun River, as well the evolution processes were studied, and the impacts of neotectonic movements on fluvial geomorphology are discussed in the northern front of the Tianshan Mountains.

The formation of fluvial terraces results from the combination of internal factor(change in intrinsic fluvial system dynamics) and external factors(high-and low-frequency climate change,tectonic uplift,and base level change).

Planation surface, fluvial terrace, multiplayer karst caves and other step-like geomorphic surfaces on the Guizhou Plateau were formed by long term planation and erosion, which recorded geologic, geomorphic and paleo-environmental history of the Guizhou Plateau.