Based on 3D elastic theory, the dynamic equations and corresponding boundary conditions about the cylindrical functionally graded shell bonded piezoelectric layers were presented.

We consider the graded interfacial nanolayers and the interaction of nearest-neighbouring inclusions,we adopt multiple image method to investigate the enhanced thermal conductivity of nanofluids.

Studies of graded core-shell emulsion;

Preparing Fe-base gradient composite material by slip casting;

Theoretical study on cuboid magnetic field and its gradient expression without analytic singular point;

The electrochemical corrosion behavior of function gradient Ni-P alloy deposit in acidic and alkaline media;

The foundation of gradients is based on pheromone of ants and remain energy of nodes in new algorithm,which could balance the energy consumption of networks.