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1)  life cycle
全寿命期
1.
Lean Cost Management of construction projects in life cycle
建设项目全寿命期精益成本管理研究
2.
Guided by the aspect of life cycle management on construction project, instructed by the viewpoint of scientific development and also according to the evaluative idea of "modernized-society", this article design a set of indicator system of post evaluation, which contains three levels of actuality cogitate, rational cogitate and philosophical cogitate.
从工程项目全寿命期管理的角度出发,在科学发展观的指导下,根据“现代化社会”的评价理念,按现实性思维、理性思维、哲学思维三个层面,设计后评价指标体系。
2)  total life cycle
全寿命期
1.
In this thesis, the object of risk early-warning is total life cycle of project.
将项目的全寿命期作为风险预警对象,对风险预警做出理论阐述,对风险强度做出定义,建立风险预警逻辑框架和指标体系,并对风险预警指标进行等级划分,强调预警系统的制度化建设和动态完善过程。
2.
Differing from the traditional and narrow sensed project plan, total life cycle integrated project plan must be oriented by the total life cycle objectives, and focus on the function building and operation, including design, organization plan, implement scheme, implement process plan and operation plan, etc, and it has highly systemic character with complicated interrelations among the elements.
与传统的狭义的项目计划不同 ,建设项目全寿命期综合计划必须以全寿命期项目目标为主导 ,以项目的功能建设和运行为核心 ,包括设计、组织策划、实施方案和实施过程计划、运行策划等 ,它们之间有复杂的内在联系 ,具有高度的系统
3)  life-cycle
全寿命期
1.
Establishment of objective system on the life-cycle construction project extends the connotation, time span and representation of construction project, and makes it more comprehensive and perfectible.
建立建设项目全寿命期目标体系 ,扩大了建设项目目标的内涵、时间跨度和代表性 ,使它更具有包容性和完备性 ;构造了建设项目目标层次和思维方式 ,将与环境协调和可持续发展的目标提高到哲学思维层次。
2.
In order to grasp project organization and its life-cycle variation from system science,different kinds life-cycle variation charts and general variation regularity of project organization has been summarized from lots of practice engineering survey datas,and the production should be useful for eliminating the problems of organization variation in project practice.
从大量实际工程调查资料中总结出各类型项目全寿命期内组织变迁图及一般变迁规律,有助于人们从系统科学的角度把握工程项目组织和加深对工程项目组织全寿命期变迁的理解,有助于消除工程项目实施过程中组织变迁带来的问题。
4)  whole life cycle
全寿命期
1.
The contract model in modern engineering management has set the trend towards "merging into an integral whole", which makes "the integrated management for the whole life cycle" very important.
现代建设项目承发包模式体现出来的"建设生产过程一体化"趋势及建设项目业主方管理与承包方管理的新特点要求业主对工程项目实行全寿命期的集成管理;但目前国内外工程管理领域对于建设项目全寿命周期集成管理中组织集成的实现问题的研究尚存在局限性。
2.
Based on the cost analysis of energy-saving housing in whole life cycle, this paper builds its total-life-time cost-effectiveness assessment model and takes a certain energy-saving residential areas in Chongqing for ex-ample, analyzing its good economic benefit to get the recognition of consumers, thus contributing to the promotion of energy-saving housing.
以节能住宅全寿命期费用分析为基础,构建其全寿命期经济效益评价模型,并以重庆地区某节能住宅为实例进行计算,通过分析其全寿命期所取得的良好经济效益,加深消费者对节能住宅的认同,从而促进节能住宅的推广。
5)  whole life cycle
全寿命周期
1.
Study of Sustainable Housing by Theory of the Whole Life Cycle;
基于全寿命周期理论的可持续住宅研究
2.
On whole life cycle management cost control of construction projects
论建设项目全寿命周期管理成本控制
3.
Describe the concept of construction project whole life cycle cost,analyses the importance of the cost controlling,which is one of the main cost of construction cost gathering,produce,process,selling,using and recovering,the whole life cycle economic cost.
从资金成本、环境成本和社会成本几方面详细阐述建设项目全寿命周期成本的概念;分析了建设项目的主要成本之一——建筑材料从采集、生产、加工、销售、使用到回收全寿命周期内的经济成本以及对其控制的意义;指出在报废建筑拆除后材料循环利用上,我国当前在管理、科研、法规等方面的不健全之处;并提出了利用技术、经济、法律、文化手段有效控制建筑项目全寿命周期成本的策略。
6)  life cycle
全寿命周期
1.
The Evaluation Modelling Method for the Life Cycle Enterprises Information System;
全寿命周期企业信息系统评价模型研究
2.
An analysis of life cycle of “green building";
“绿色建筑”全寿命周期分析
3.
Investment control of the life cycle of real estate program;
房地产项目全寿命周期投资控制
补充资料:欧洲式期权、美国式期权与亚洲式期权


欧洲式期权、美国式期权与亚洲式期权


  【欧洲式期权、美国式期权与亚洲式期权】期权合约所规定的权利有一定的时效期,过了失效日后,权利即行作废。一些期权规定权利仅能在有效期的最后一天执行,这种期权被称为欧洲式期权(ell功pean叩tions);另一些期权则容许在有效期内任何一天执行,这种期权被称为美国式期权(一~oPtions)。值得指出的是,虽名为欧洲式或美国式期权,但已无任何地理上的意义。由于欧洲式期权的规定过于严格,又出现了一种“改变的欧洲式期权”,它允许期权在一定的时间范围内进行交易。可见,美国式期权为期权购买者提供了更多的选择机会,因此,它的购买者也往往需支付更高的保险费。近年来无论在欧洲或美国,所交易的期权均以美国式为主,欧洲式期权虽仍存在,但其交易量已比不上美国式期权。 在so年代末期,市场上又出现了一种所谓亚洲式期权(asian ontions),但也无地理上的意义,其差别主要在于履约价值(exe而sev公此)的计算。以买权为例,无论是美国式期权或是欧洲式期权,执行权利所能得到的履约价值均为当时标的物的市价减去履约价格,再乘以合约所定的数量,但亚洲式期权的履约价值则为权利期间内标的物市价的平均(计算至履约日为止),减去履约价格,再乘以合约所定的数量。
  
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