1) History of Surgical Field
外科史
2) the external history of science
科学外史
1.
Then,can the internal history and the external history of science really be eliminated? And,after the elimination,what will scientific disputes be for
而科学外史指科学自身发展之外的因素,如社会思潮、社会制度以及各种社会事件对科学发展的影响。
3) history of scientific and technological exchange between China and foreign countries
中外科技交流史
4) external history
外史
1.
About that problem,many Chinese scholars pay more attention to "internal history",and,even some scholars who focus the "external history" would insist the integration of "internal history" and "external history".
自20世纪30年代以来,西方科学史在研究方法和解释框架上经历的一些变化和争论,大多涉及对“内史论”与“外史论”的界定、区分和评价。
2.
This paper holds that the study of science history needs not only to shift the internal history to the external history or the synthetic history, but also to shift to the outside of history.
提出了一些加强科学史研究应用与实践的设想,并认为:科学史研究不仅需要从“内史”走向“外史”、“综合史”,也极有必要走向“史外”。
3.
This paper endeavors to grasp the new trend of the international study on the history of science at the turn of the century, through a review of the internal history, external history, anachron.
通过对内史、外史、移时史、历时史以及科学史学研究进程的考察,以把握世纪之交国际科学史研究的新动向。
5) outside of history
史外
1.
This paper holds that the study of science history needs not only to shift the internal history to the external history or the synthetic history, but also to shift to the outside of history.
提出了一些加强科学史研究应用与实践的设想,并认为:科学史研究不仅需要从“内史”走向“外史”、“综合史”,也极有必要走向“史外”。
6) history for the history of science
科学史学史
补充资料：金属材料发展史(见材料发展史)
金属材料发展史(见材料发展史)
history of metallic material
金属材料发展史historyor metalli。material见材料发展史。
说明：补充资料仅用于学习参考，请勿用于其它任何用途。
参考词条