The deep cycle life of battery made from Pb-Ca-Sn-Al alloy was increased and reached 435 cycles after improvement.

According to the alloy for positive grid,VRLA batteries for EBs can be classified to Cd-containing products with Pb-Sb-Cd alloys and Cd-free products with Pb-Ca-Sn-Al alloys.

Studies on the effect of plating parameters on tin-lead alloy electroplating in alkylsulfonate baths;

Determination of tin and lead content in fluoborate tin-lead alloy plating baths;

Effects of technological parameters on methane-sulfonate tin-lead alloy electroplating;

The aluminum for light-grid material in lead-acid batteries was electroplated with Pb-Sn alloy from sulphamate bath,and the opitimum technology condition and electrolyte composition were determined.

Effects of tin content on the oxygen evolution behavior of Pb-Sn alloys;

A two-layered structure of eutectic-solid sulotion is formed in the microstructure of Pb-Sn alloy obtained from quasi-two-dimensional electrodeposition.

This article,using the diffusion theory in solid metals,discusses in detail the mechanism of hot-dip Pb-Sn alloy coating of the double-wall brazed tube,and analyzes the existing defects in the production of pb-Sn hot-dip coated double-wall brazed tube in line with the theory on Pb-Sn alloy corrosion resistance.

The wastewater treatment of Sn Pb alloy electroplating and polishing passivation of brass were harsh, owing to the complex composition, diversity of harmful substances, and fluctuant concentrations of the ingredients to be removed.

The electroless Sn Pb alloy plating process in methylsulfonic acid system was studied.