The amount of freezing water and.

The resistance to extension, freezable water and microstructure were determined by extensograph, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of control dough and the dough with ASK gum and with locust bean gum after 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks frozen storage.

On the basis of analyzing two kinds of the ebb curve during sealing the river passes and flowing freely in the severe area,this paper adoptes difference accumulation method to estimate freezing water quantity and to improve ice thinkness investigation and to adopte practice method of flowing process segmentation during melting.

Concludes from the investigation into the frozen coal during transportation by rail in winter, the use of defrost garage, and manual unloading of frozen coal, etc, and the analysis of major causes for frozen coal that it is an effective way to avoid frozen coal to dehydrate coal at its source to frozen water content′ in winter.