The provenance of the Qiabulin Formation is volcanic arc and ophiolite complex formed in Cretaceous in the north of the Qiabulin Formation based on the sedimentary characteristics, directions of paleocurrent, fossil ass.

The subduction-accretionary complex/volcanic arcs in the middle sector of North Qilian may be subdivided into subduction-accretionary complex zone and the volcanic arc zone.

The Ryukyu island arc was not the volcanic island arc, but apart from the EuroAsian continent, the Tugela volcanic belt is the volcanic arc and the Diaoyu island folded belt is the remnant volcanic arc.

The continent in mid-westhern Inner Mongolia is composed of a microcontinent, three volcanic island arcs and three back-arc basins, which are North China microcontinent, Baiyun Obo back-arc basin, Bainaimiao volcanic island arc, Wendurmiao back-arc basin, Sunitezue-Xilinhaote volcanic island arc, Hegenshan back-arc basin and Erlianhaote-Xilinguole volcanic island arc respectively.

Tectonic background has slightly difference in different stages,among them,volcanic rock of C2h is mainly on within-plate setting,and C2k is mainly on volcanic island arc setting.

According to their geological, Petrologicaland geochemical characteristics, they are believed to be intracontinental arc-volcanic rocks.

The evolution and mineralization of the Jomda-Weixi continental marginal volcanic arc,southwestern China;