Both the chill and reverse chill are defects often found in the nodular iron knucle castings.

Therefore,this type of defect is called as "reverse chill",which caused normally by chemical composition segregation and by that crystallization speed is faster than diffusion speed.

With the reverse chill defect existing in piecemeal－ cast piston ring of internal combustion engines as object,the features of reverse chill defect was briefly described,the reason cause this sort of defect was analyzed,and the measures to prevent or eliminate the reverse chill were proposed.

Cause of the Formation of Inverse Chill in Ductile Iron and its prevention;

Both the chill and reverse chill are defects often found in the nodular iron knucle castings.

In application of high-strength spherulitic cast iron to thin-walled casting,the way to guarantee both high strength and chill-proof is described.

In order to solve the problem of chill in castings,effect of such aspects as the chemical composition,degree of supercooling,alloying element,mould material,charge and so on were analyzed on the basis of iron-carbon diagram and alloy s crystal and solidifying principle.

The writer told how to design an individual Chinese menu in LCM through some lovely displaying procedures of C language,especially the two methods to resolve the anti-white problem.