1.
concrete labour and abstract labour
具体劳动与抽象劳动
2.
Unlike specific labor, abstract labor is intangible and cannot be measured.
抽象劳动不同于具体劳动那样可视可量。
3.
On the Implicative Hypothetical Premises of the Transformation from Specific Labor to Abstract Labor;
具体劳动转化为抽象劳动的隐含假设探微
4.
Concrete Labor, Abstract Labor and Reification--A Comment on Habermas s Criticism of Marx s Idea of Duality of Labor;
具体劳动、抽象劳动和物化——评哈贝马斯对马克思劳动二重性思想的批评
5.
Materialized labor is dead labor. Only living labor possesses the dual properties of labor, and involves the problem of abstract labor that creates va lue.
物化劳动已经是死劳动,只有活劳动才具备二重属性,才有抽象劳动形成价值的问题。
6.
manual labour and mental labour
体力劳动与脑力劳动
7.
Capital and science and technological achievements, as value, are abstract labor, yet in coagulated form.
资本与科技成果作为价值 ,虽是抽象劳动 ,却是凝结形态的劳动。
8.
The soft labor is the direct form of abstract labor so that the measure of value working time has lost its importance as it used to.
“软劳动”作为直接的抽象劳动的体现 ,使衡量价值的尺度“劳动时间”也失去直接的意义。
9.
Contrary to Karl Marx, the author of the paper does not think of abstract labor in itself as scalar but as vector.
马克思把抽象劳动看成了标量 ,但抽象劳动本身是矢量。
10.
it has active energies by which it co-operates with, and may even be used as a substitute for, labour.
它具有活动的能量，可与劳动合作，甚至代替劳动。
11.
separation between manual labour and mental labour
体力劳动与脑力劳动分离
12.
disparity between mental labour and manual labour
脑力劳动与体力劳动间的差别
13.
Tentatively on the Vector Quality of Abstract Labor and the Two Value Concepts
试论抽象劳动的矢量性与两个价值概念——兼评苏、谷、陈、钱之争
14.
mental and manual labour
脑力劳动和体力劳动
15.
simple labour and complex labour
简单劳动与复杂劳动
16.
individual labour and social labour
私人劳动与社会劳动
17.
necessary labour and surplus labour
必要劳动与剩余劳动
18.
skilled labour and unskilled labour
熟练劳动与非熟练劳动