1.
Sogdian Transcriptions and the Northwestern Chinese Dialect of Tang(唐) Dynasty
粟特语对音资料和唐代汉语西北方言
2.
Dungan Language in Central-Asia--The Oversea Variation of Chinese North West Dialect;
中亚东干语是汉语西北方言的域外变体
3.
On Alternative Questions of Tongxin Dialect in Ningxia and the Origin of the "X + 吗 (ma) + Y" Construction Pattern in the Northwest Dialects;
宁夏同心话的选择性问句——兼论西北方言“X吗Y”句式的来历
4.
On the Auxiliary of Mood"Man(曼)"in Alternative Questions in Shanxian Dialect
陕县方言选择问句里的语气助词“曼”——兼论西北方言选择问句里的“曼”类助词
5.
Dongxiang language is one of the Mongolian languages of Altai language family,while Linxia dialect is one of the Chinese Northwest dialects.
东乡语是阿尔泰语系蒙古语族语言的一支,临夏话是汉语西北方言的一支。
6.
America has many dialects, especially the midwestern, southern, African American and Spanish dialects.
美国有很多方言,尤其是在中西部,南部,北美洲和西班牙等地的方言.
7.
The mergence of the zhi and wei rhymes into the yu rhyme(支徽入鱼)in the dialects of Shanxi,Shaanxi,and Gansu and its relationship with the Northwestern dialects during Tang and The Five Dynasties;
晋陕甘方言的“支微入鱼”现象和唐五代西北方音
8.
On "Ba" Construction in Local Xinjiang Dialects--On the Influence of the Altaic Language on Chinese Dialects in Northwestern China
新疆汉语方言中的“把“字句——兼论阿尔泰语对西北汉语方言的影响
9.
the dialect of Portuguese (sometimes regarded as a dialect of Spanish) spoken in Galicia NW Spain.
分布于西班牙西北加里西亚的一种葡萄牙方言（有时被认为是西班牙的一种方言）。
10.
NEW TRENDS OF FOLK DWELLING RESEARCH BY XIAN DECLARATION AND QUEBIC DECLARATION
由西安宣言与魁北克宣言探讨民居研究的新方向
11.
A group of vernacular Indic dialects spoken in northern India.
北印度方言北印度乡土方言的集成
12.
The Comparison between the Colloquial Layer of the Fenhe River Group and the Northwest Chinese Dialect in Song Dynasty;
中原官话汾河片方言白读层与宋代西北方音的比较研究
13.
North, south, east, west
北方，南方，东方，西方
14.
Lyons, J. 1968. Introduction to Theoretical Linguistics. London: Cambridge University Press.
刘润清，1995，《西方语言学流派》，北京：外语教学与研究出版社。
15.
In time there developed the so-called West, East, and North Germanic dialects.
到后来产生了所谓的西部、东部和北部的日耳曼方言。
16.
Minority Group and Their Learning of Mandarin Tone--With reference to people with pinghua dialect;
方言区人普通话声调的学习——以广西桂北平话区人为例
17.
North, south, east, west, east, west,
北方，南方，东方，西方，东方，西方
18.
the dialect of Chinese spoken in Beijing and adopted as the official language for all of China.
北京方言而且作为中国的官方语言。