The instantaneous profile method is employed to study the unsaturated hydraulic permeability of densely compacted Gaomiaozi bentonite under the confined conditions.

In the measurement of thermal conductivity of solid material,a new measuring method — THS is introduced and the date collecting、processing and displaying by virtual instrument are introduced as well.

To the steady state method s shortcoming in measuring material s thermal conductivity,this essay intends to introduce a new measuring method - THS,and the date collecting,processing and displaying by virtual instrument.

Mathematic models of instantaneous sea level for single,double,threeand more tide stations are discussed respectively in this paper.

Results show that all these methods are able to display roughly the same direction for water transfer but with remarkable difference in the amount,Comparison indicatesthat the instantaneous method is most accurate and layer-to-layer mean method next to it butwith rather a big interannual fluctuiation in errors.