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1)  Non-public forest
非公益林
2)  public welfare forest
公益林
1.
Problem of public welfare forest's compensation;
从可持续发展角度谈生态公益林补偿问题
2.
Economic valuation and ecological compensation for the public welfare forest in Eastern-Liaoning;
辽东地区公益林的经济评价与生态效益补偿
3.
Discussion on financing methods for establishing ecological public welfare forest in Jilin Province
关于吉林省地方公益林建设融资方式的探讨
3)  non-commercial forest
公益林
1.
Compensation policy assessment of non-commercial forest;
公益林补偿政策评价研究
2.
It is favorable for non-commercial forest protection to assign compensation funds fairly and reasonably.
公平、合理地分配补偿资金,有利于保护公益林。
3.
The division,distribution and main problem of the development of the non-commercial forests in Beijing are analyzed in this article.
对北京地区公益林的区划情况、分布格局、公益林建设面临的主要问题进行了分析研究,提出了公益林优化发展的相应对策。
4)  ecological forest
公益林
1.
This paper aims to probe the strategies for sustainable management of ecological forests by modern forestry theories.
本文通过对现代林业理论的分析来探索公益林可持续经营策略。
2.
Analysis on 331 literatures on ecological forest demonstrated that more studies were carried out in the southeast China and the focus was on compensation system, classified management and macro_study.
对 3 3 1篇生态公益林研究文献的分析结果发现 ,生态公益林研究在地域和领域都存在不平衡。
3.
Based on properties of forest community and species distribution of key ecological forest in Zhejiang province,854 typical sample plots were set up according to the climatic region,site conditions,stand type,community structure,age composition of stand and standard trees were surveyed for biomass in the 2 millions hectares key ecological forest.
根据浙江省重点公益林的森林群落和树种分布特点,在全省200多万hm2重点公益林范围内共设置854个典型样地,样地根据气候区、立地条件、林分类型、群落结构、林龄等因素综合布设,实测样株生物量,利用树木各分量生物量之间存在相对生长关系,乔木以树高、胸径、枝下高为变量构建各分量生物量模型通式,下木层以地径和株数构建单位面积生物量,草本层则以盖度和高度构建生物量模型,共构建了松类、杉类、硬阔(Ⅰ、Ⅱ)、软阔、毛竹、杂竹、灌木(下层木)、草本9组主要树种(组)生物量模型,模型测算因子简单易得,经评价和检验,各模型均具有较好的拟合精度和预估水平。
5)  public benefit forest
公益林
1.
Sustainable Management Programming System of Public Benefit Forest in Yichang;
宜昌公益林可持续经营规划体系探讨
2.
Being traditional public goods,the public benefit forests in Beijing have always been in the charge of the governments at various levels of the municipality for their investment and construction,thus resulting in high cost and low efficiency.
北京市的公益林作为传统意义上的公共物品,一直以来由全市各级政府投资建设,成本高,效率低,代价大。
3.
Unfavorable and advantageous factors on sustainable management of public benefit forest in Yichang city were analyzed.
在分析宜昌公益林可持续经营的制约因素与有利条件的基础上,依据公益林营造的基本原则,阐明了公益林营造途径和营造方法;同时以公益林恢复重建途径为指导,提出公益林恢复重建模式;并依照公益林保护原则,探索了宜昌公益林保护的基本思路,对宜昌公益林可持续经营具有现实指导意义。
6)  Public forest
公益林
1.
Property right system of forest resources in China has faced many difficulties such as the property right of public forest has been abused by different administrative institutions and that of non-public forest has been limited.
通过对加拿大林权关系的借鉴,提出了分类经营的思路,主张在分类经营的基础上,公益林建立“三权分立”的管理模式;经济林则市场化经营,重点保障经济主体权利的实现。
2.
This paper thinks the current legal system has many shorts with how to manage forest resource in China,it should be improved and the best way is to establish the classified management system with them,which the public forest should be managed by ecological compensation system,and the economical forest should be managed by freely exch.
主张建立森林资源分类管理法律制度,对公益林实行生态效益补偿法律制度,对经济林则实行自由交易法律制度和采伐申报法律制度。
3.
The text remarks that public forest is public-goods,and analyses it with limited character of market,property right theory,require theory and so on.
实行“分类经营”以来,将商品林纳入市场进行经营管理基本上已经得到了人们的共识,但对公益林的经营目前尚无一定论。
补充资料:奉和杜相公益昌路作
【诗文】:
春半梁山正落花,台衡受律向天涯。南去猿声傍双节,
西来江色绕千家。风吹画角孤城晓,林映蛾眉片月斜。
已见庙谟能喻蜀,新文更喜报金华。
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【注释】:



【出处】:
全唐诗:卷248_52
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