Based on the reciprocal theorem of work,the influence of the spring back effect on the permanent clamping deformation of the inside wall of tube coupling was studied and its roundness forecasting model was developed by analyzing the permanent clamping deformation of it in turning process.

It is recognized that the latter is resultful in decreasing welding residual stress as well as welding residual strain.

A simple empirical model for predicting residual strain under repeated load suitable for soft clays is proposed based on test results.

Analysis and application of treatments to diminish residual deformation of saturated clay subgrade;

Study on residual deformation characteristics of coarse-grained soils;

On Improvement and Application of Shen-zhujiang Residual Deformation Model;

It is found that the restraint welding can effectively control the residual angular distortion,bringing about little grows of the welding residual stress.

The welding process of no reversed angular distortion is simulated by using thermal elasto-plastic finite element techniques to evaluate the residual angular distortion of the T-joint in fillet weld,then the welding process imposing res.