2) manufacturing upgrading
制造业升级
1.
There- fore,it is a compulsory option to improve technology through innovations and creations and establish its own brands in Shanghai manufacturing upgrading.
因此,通过自主创新提升技术能级以及培育自主品牌是上海制造业升级的必然选择。
4) industry transformation and update
产业转型升级
1.
and the eastern regions are perplexed by industry transformation and update at present.
当前中西部地区受"三农"问题拖累,东部地区则受产业转型升级问题困扰,且两者互为影响、相互加强。
6) transformation and upgrading
转型升级
1.
Speculations about Transformation and Upgrading of Processing Trade in China;
关于我国加工贸易转型升级的思考
2.
A Study on the Processing Trade Transformation and Upgrading in Guangzhou;
广州市加工贸易转型升级研究
3.
The Transformation and Upgrading of China s Processing Trade;
我国加工贸易转型升级研究
补充资料：制造
①将原材料加工成为可供使用的物品：制造兵器｜制造业。②有意识地造成某种氛围、局面：制造事端｜制造轻松气氛。
说明：补充资料仅用于学习参考，请勿用于其它任何用途。
参考词条