With a historical and practical rationality,the nature of the principle of giving priority to efficiency with due consideration to fairness put forward in the Third Plenary Session of the 14th Central Committee of the CPC 13 years ago was to supersede the fair idea of result equality by the fair idea of opportunity equality.

The paper tells us the importance and the objective necessary requirement of insisting on the distributive principium of efficiency first, fairness considered in the social market economy, while referring to it the actual choice during the primary stage.

The relation, between efficiency and fairness,is an important problem in the reforming and opening, in the social market economy The article tells us the implication of efficiency and fairness, fouling on the importance and necessity of insisting on“efficiency first, fairness considered" While sticking to efficiency first,there s possibility and approach to fairnes