The spreading effects of them are modelled and evaluated separately by the method of weighted marks on the basis of qualitatire analysis and by The Analytic Hierarchy -like process on the basis of quantitative analysis.

It is a special characteristic of Mencius\' theory to focus on a person\'s conscience and its effect inference.

These will decrease the propulsion efficiency and increase fuel consumption.

A new method to determine the thrust of pitching oscillating foil was established on the basis of tethered and the self-propelled oscillating foil,providing the relationships of Strouhal number with both the propulsion efficiency and the Reynolds number.

In order to improve the propulsion efficiency,according to momentum and energy conservation,this work present a global calculation approach to get the geometry,dimensions,shape and position of the MHD propeller on the ship.

Significant propulsive efficiency improvements can be achieved by modifying the propulsive system of a vessel.

which showed the influence of hand-figures on swimming propulsive efficiency.

By adding one more rudder to or reducing one or two rudders from the regular ship propeller and rudder arrangement,and fixing up the propeller-rudder relative position rationally,the results of reducing ship vibration and noise,improving ship propulsive efficiency and raising rudder′s performance of controlling ship course may be obtained.