Advances in the catalysts for the oxidation of glucose to gluconic acid(salts) were reviewed,including heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysts.

With the presence of some transition metal ions Such as Fe2+,Fe3+ and Ni2+ forming a homogeneous catalyst,ozonation of reactive blue dye becomes more effective in utilizing O3.

Research progress in heterogeneous catalyst systems (including gas solid two phase and gas liquid solid three phase reaction)and homogeneous catalyst systems for hydrogenation of maleic anhydride(MA) are reviewed.

Synthesis of tributyl citrate using homogeneous catalysis of sulfamic acid as catalyst;

New method of synthesizing dimethyl carbonate by urea and methanol in homogeneous catalysis system;

Study on preparation process of biodiesel from wast cooking oil by homogeneous catalysis method;

Modification of mesoporous MCM-41 and its application in organic synthesis as heterogeneous catalysis are reviewed in detail by classification of reaction, specially chiral asymmetry synthesis and ep- oxidation of alkenes.

The concept of ESM lays emphasis on the need to take account of bond forming reaction in heterogeneous catalysis and to take advantage of the theory of bond formation that has been developed in other branches of chemistry, particularly in.