Ellison exhibits his insight of African American people living in the American society by skillful employment of traditional African art forms: the sad blues, improvisational jazz, African American folk song, folk tale, and figurative imagery, and so forth.

"Memoriam to be"is a jazz improvisation-style work based on the Chinese Guqin song"Memoriam"as a principle of idea framing.

Jazz Music in Invisible Man;

Jazz and Rhapsody in Blue;

Postmodern Narrative in Toni Morrison s Jazz;

Psycho-Analytical Reading of Toni Morrison′s Jazz;

The Magic Jazz: Narrative Features of Toni Morrison s Jazz;

Fitzgerald and His American Tragedy of the "Jazz Age;

This projects their value of leading a lavish life and parasitic life, thereby refracting the psychological construction and ethical standard of women in the "Jazz Age".

Fitzgerald is generally regarded as the chronicler of Jazz Age in American history.