Two methods for determining the basic discount rate,i e the method of lowest expected earning rate and the method of target earning rate,are introduced It is indicated with examples that the former is a lower standard,and the latter comparatively accords with the actual standard but needs more key work to be don

Learning from foreign experience that annuity provides minimum rate of return guarantees, the problem that how to ensure fund security is discussed, namely, how to provide the minimum rate of return guarantees fo.

On the basis of considering risk nonlinear adding of the deposit and increment,, this paper sets up the multi-commodity to multi-commodity optimal decision-making model and optimal model of hedging based on New and old Portfolio of the maximum return probability (1)In research of the multi-commodity to multi-commodity optimal decision-making model, The p.