Monte Carlo simulations of nuclear reactions induced by high energy protons;

In the paper,space high-energy proton-induced SEU rate estimate of electronic devices are engaged in research, and 13 primary methods predicting Proton-induced SEU rate are summarized and compared with each other.

The research on the radiation effects of materials induced by high-energy proton irradiation is of important significance in many scientific fields, such as the single event effects of semiconductor components exposed on space, accelerator-driven nuclear energy generator, tritium production by accelerator, intense pulsed ion beam technology, proton radiography, etc.

The Measurement of energetic photon produced in intermediate energy and relativistic energy heavy ion collisions provides opportunities for investigating many interesting and sophisticated problems such as properties of nuclear matter under extreme condition, bremsstrahlung, neutral meson production both below and above the production threshold in free nucleonnucleon collision.