Through analyzing water quantity of surface water cross-sections, field data of 12 groundwater monitoring sections and 33 vegetation sample plots during the 5 times of emergent water conveyance in the lower Tarim River, the relationship between groundwater restoration and vegetation response is to be found out.

It has satisfied the aim of long-distance water conveyance, balanced water use, long-distance transfer and distribution of sediment or water and sand balance, which is resulted in remarkable economic, social and environmental benefits.

Some problems of roughness selection in the design of water conveyance pipe are discussed.

Analyses and simulations of the water transfer from the lower Tarim River;

Along the water diversion route,there is no regulating reservoir with complex meteorological and hydrological conditions and difficulties of regulation,especially water transfer in ice condition.

From the first emergency water transfer in 2000, the lower reaches of the Tarim River, has carried on seven times during the seven years and the total water transfer quantity achieved 2.

Research on Ecological Effect in the Lower Reaches of Tarim River After Water Transport;

The response scope of natural vegetation in the lower reaches is obvious after ecological water transport.

Vegetation restoration after emergent water conveyance to lower reach of Tarim River.;

In order to rehabilitate and reconstruct the seriously damaged ecosystem, eight emergent ecological water conveyances were conducted from 2001 to 2006.

Combining methods of questionnaire,sampling and statistics data,this paper analyzes the changes of the shepherds and farmers income,and the local economic development after the ecological water conveyance of Tarim River.